俄罗斯工业控制计划的制定 Development of an industrial control programme

Программа (план) производственного контроля

生产控制方案（计划）是一份强制性文件，是贸易和开业许可证的组成部分。

The programme (plan) of production control is a mandatory document, an integral part of the package of permits for trade and the start of business activities.

生产控制计划（OPC）包括一份旨在使企业遵守卫生法规的措施清单及其实施时间表。

The OPC includes a list of measures aimed at compliance with sanitary legislation in the company and a schedule of their implementation.

这些活动包括脱脂、消毒、虫害控制、消毒质量控制、产品质量控制、人员健康控制、工作场所实验室测量、灭菌控制等。

Such activities include deratisation, disinfection, pest control, disinfection quality control, product quality control, personnel health control, laboratory measurements at workplaces, sterilisation control and others.

工业控制的目的

Purpose of industrial control

通过实施卫生规范和规则、卫生和防疫（预防）措施，以及组织和实施对其遵守情况的控制，确保人类及其环境的安全。

To ensure safety for humans and their environment by implementing sanitary norms and rules, sanitary and anti-epidemic (preventive) measures, as well as organising and exercising control over their observance.

联邦 "居民卫生和流行病福利 "法第11条明确规定，所有法人实体和个体企业家都有义务对遵守卫生规则和条例的情况进行生产控制：

Article 11 of the Federal Law "On Sanitary and Epidemiological Welfare of the Population" explicitly obliges all legal entities and individual entrepreneurs to conduct production control over compliance with sanitary rules and regulations:

因此，制定专业的工业控制计划将使您能够

Accordingly, having a professionally developed Programme of industrial control will allow you to:

获得有关贵组织生产控制的全部信息。

receive full information about the production control in your organisation.

在您的组织内符合SanPiN的要求

comply with the requirements of SanPiN in the premises of your organisation

必要时，快速获得 Rospotrebnadzor 的结论

quickly obtain a conclusion of Rospotrebnadzor, if necessary

及时执行 Rospotrebnadzor 的指示

fulfil Rospotrebnadzor's instructions in a timely manner

避免Rospotrebnadzor的罚款

avoid Rospotrebnadzor fines,

工业控制计划的制定需要一定的卫生、环境卫生和生态学知识。在这方面，这些领域的专家或经过专业培训的员工应制定检查计划。

The development of an industrial control programme requires some knowledge of hygiene, sanitation, and ecology. In this regard, specialists in these fields or employees who have undergone specialised training should draw up an inspection plan.

允许使用标准方案，但如果不进行适当调整，这些方案并不适合每个企业。适当编制的CIP包含大量有关企业的个人信息，通常是技术专家、生态专家和职业安全专家集体工作的结果。

The use of standard programmes is permitted, but without proper adaptation they will not suit every enterprise. A properly prepared CIP contains a lot of individual information about the enterprise and is often the result of collective work, as a rule, of technologists, ecologists, and occupational safety specialists.

生产控制方案（计划）的内容

工业控制方案（计划）以自由形式制定、

但其内容必须符合一定的要求。计划必须包括：

1、负责生产控制的官员（员工）名单；

List of officials (employees) who are responsible for production control;

2、需进行体检、专业卫生培训和认证的员工岗位列表；

List of employee positions subject to medical examinations, professional hygienic training and certification;

3、对人体有潜在危害的产品、工程和服务以及活动清单，须进行卫生和流行病学评估、认证和许可；

List of products, works and services, as well as activities that pose a potential hazard to humans and are subject to sanitary and epidemiological assessment, certification and licensing; 

4、对产品和生产技术的人体和环境安全性、工业和环境因素的安全性和（或）无害性标准以及控制方法的制定，包括产品的储存、运输、销售和处置，以及工作执行和服务提供过程的安全性进行论证的措施清单；

A list of measures to substantiate the safety for humans and the environment of products and their production technology, criteria for the safety and/or harmlessness of industrial and environmental factors and the development of control methods, including during storage, transport, sale and disposal of products, as well as the safety of the process of performing work and rendering services;

5、与生产控制相关的现行法律规定的会计和报告形式清单；

List of accounting and reporting forms established by the current legislation on issues related to production control; 

6 、可能发生的与停产、技术工艺中断有关的紧急情况清单，以及对居民的卫生和流行病健康构成威胁的其他情况，在发生这些情况时，必须通知居民、地方当局和俄联邦卫生局；

List of possible emergencies related to production stoppages, disruptions in technological processes, and other situations posing a threat to the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population, in the event of which the population, local authorities and Rospotrebnadzor must be informed;

7、 根据生产的具体情况，列出特定设施中存在的化学物质、生物、物理和其他因素，以及对人体和环境构成潜在危害的生产控制对象（关键控制点），有必要对其组织实验室测试和调查，规定测试的类型和数量、取样点（进行实验室测试和调查），以及实验室测试和调查的周期。

Depending on the specifics of production, a list of chemical substances, biological, physical and other factors, as well as production control objects that are present at a given facility and pose a potential hazard to humans and their environment (critical control points), in respect of which it is necessary to organise laboratory studies and tests, specifying the types and volumes of studies, the points at which samples are taken (laboratory studies and tests are carried out), and the periodicity of laboratory studies and tests.

8、为有效控制卫生规则和卫生标准的遵守，实施卫生和防疫（预防）措施而采取的其他措施清单。该清单由生产控制设施开展的活动对人体的潜在危害程度、设施的能力以及违反卫生规则可能造成的负面后果决定。

List of other measures to be taken for effective control over compliance with sanitary rules and hygienic standards, implementation of sanitary and anti-epidemic (preventive) measures. This list is determined by the degree of potential danger to humans from activities carried out at the production control facility, the capacity of the facility, and the possible negative consequences of violations of sanitary rules.

制定的方案由组织负责人、企业家或特别授权的员工批准。不需要Rospotrebnadzor地区部门的批准。

The developed programme is approved by the head of the organisation, entrepreneur or specially authorised employee.Approval from the regional division of Rospotrebnadzor is not required.

工业实验室控制计划表是CIP的组成部分。它规定了在公司内进行的所有必要的实验室和仪器测试。实验室控制计划表的制定要考虑到组织业务活动的所有特殊性，并作为CIP的一个单独部分。

The plan-schedule of industrial laboratory control is an integral part of the CIP. It specifies all necessary laboratory and instrumental tests to be carried out in the company. The laboratory control plan-schedule is developed taking into account all peculiarities of the organisation's business activities and is drawn up as a separate section of the CIP.

多久进行一次监测？

How often is monitoring carried out?

核查活动的规律性取决于危险等级和其他控制参数，特别是：

The regularity of inspection activities depends on the hazard class and other control parameters, in particular:

每年记录噪声水平

Noise levels are recorded annually

每10天对危险等级1的设施进行一次调查

Hazard class 1 facilities are inspected once every 10 days

每六个月分析一次微气候指标

Microclimate indicators are analysed every six months

危险等级2的场所大约每月检查一次

Hazard class 2 sites are surveyed approximately once a month

每4个月诊断一次潜在危险电磁场

Potentially hazardous electromagnetic fields are diagnosed once every 4 months

危险等级3的区域每季度分析一次

Hazard class 3 areas are analysed once a quarter